Essay about Georges-Jacques Danton of France and Leadership

Georges-Jacques Danton of France and Leadership What is a leader? A leader as described by Websters Dictionary is, person who has commanding authority or influence. A man in history who certainly fits that description is Georges-Jacques Danton of France. Danton had a trouble childhood that included losing his father before his third birthday, and having several encounters with animals that would eventually leave him deformed for life. Dantons early political promise showed most one day in grade school. Back then, the punishment for students was not detentions or demerits, but instead they were struck on the fingers with a ruler. One day, Dantons friend Parà © could not recite the assigned text, but refused to put out his†¦show more content†¦He was voted as a delegate of Paris before fellow colleagues Desmoulins and Robespierre. He also had the character to resign from the cabinet in order to put his full efforts into the National Convention. He wanted so bad to wipe out the monarchy so on January the 16th of 1793 , he voted with the majority to have king Louis XVI executed (Dwyer, 81). In conclusion, Georges-Jacques Danton was an outstanding figure that fought for the rights of the people during the French Revolution. Georges-Jacques Dantons leadership roles can also be seen from his work in the Committee of Public Safety. The National Convention adopted the Committee of Public Safety in efforts to defend the new regime established by them. Dantons primary responsibility on the Committee of Public Safety was national defense. He had to protect the people at all costs, and at the same time, he had to deal with foreign affairs (Dwyer, 87). Other monarchial countries were concerned that the idea of a republic would spread to their people, and thus start rebellions all over. These countries wanted to siege France and stop this so-called nonsense at once. After the death of Gabrielle, one of Dantons colleagues, he attempted to draw up a new constitution, known as the Constitution of 1791. This proposal, however, was rejected by the Convention, but Danton continued to speak in front of the members in efforts to persuade them to agree with his views (Dwyer, 89). In summary,Show MoreRelatedThe Life Strength and Legacy of Georges Jacques Danton1032 Words   |  4 Pages Georges Jacques Danton was born on October 28, 1759 in Arcis-sur-Aube, a department in north-central France. Danton was born into a bourgeois family and his parents were expecting him to become a priest. But, Danton preferred the law, he had a good education in his native town at Troyes, the commune and capital of the Aube Department. He later moved to Paris and being born a well public speaker, he rose in his profession. By 1785, Danton was a well known, successful practitioner before the ParliamentRead MoreThe French Revolution Of France1365 Words   |  6 PagesOld Regime of France. Though the French Revolution did destroy this regime, its leaders’ ultimate goal was to obliterate the Catholi c Church in France and the faithful within it. Before the beginning of the revolution, France had the most widespread culture in the entire world. From its fine arts, stylishness, clothing, and language, everything that was popular in France was also prevalent all over the world. However, all of that changed after the start of the Revolution. â€Å"Since France was such a culturalRead MoreThe Terror Known as Robespierre605 Words   |  2 PagesCSP, he ordered countless individuals to be guillotined whether or not people on the outside of the conflict viewed them as deserving of such punishment: in one instance, he put to death several people that he viewed as anti-revolutionary: Georges Jacques Danton, Lucie Simplice Desmoulins, Jean Franà §ois Delacroix, and Pierre Philippeaux. Robespierre did not leave this up to the CSG whose job was to punish this type of people and because of this, he gained the reputation of a tyrant—he made decisionsRead More The Reign Of Terror Es say4589 Words   |  19 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  History is said to be written by the winners, but is it possible to rewrite history? In a way, the French, like many who have preceded them, and many who will proceed them have done the impossible, rewriting history. From trivial folklore, such as George Washington chopping down a cherry tree, to the incredibly wrong, the African slave trade; peoples views of history can be shaped and molded. The French have done a superb job of instilling all of us with the concept that their Revolution was aRead MoreEssay on The Fall of the French Monarchy2121 Words   |  9 Pages The revolution resulted, among other things, in the overthrow of the Bourbon monarchy in France and in the establishment of the First Republic. It was generated by a vast complex of causes, the most important of which were the inability of the ruling classes of nobility, clergy, and bourgeoisie to come to grips with the problems of state, the indecisive nature of the monarch, impoverishment of the workers, the intellectual ferment of the Age of Enlightenment, and the example of the American RevolutionRead MoreThe Fall of the French Monarchy2135 Words   |  9 PagesThe revolution resulted, among other things, in the overthrow of the Bourbon monarchy in France and in the establishment of the First Republic. It was generated by a vast complex of causes, the most important of which were the inability of the ruling classes of nobility, clergy, and bourgeoisie to com e to grips with the problems of state, the indecisive nature of the monarch, impoverishment of the workers, the intellectual ferment of the Age of Enlightenment, and the example of the American RevolutionRead MoreThe Reign of Terror4635 Words   |  19 PagesHistory is said to be written by the winners, but is it possible to rewrite history? In a way, the French, like many who have preceded them, and many who will proceed them have done the impossible, rewriting history. From trivial folklore, such as George Washington chopping down a cherry tree, to the incredibly wrong, the African slave trade; peoples views of history can be shaped and molded. The French have done a superb job of instilling all of us with the concept that their Revolution was a fight

Learning Value of Visual Arts -Ece - 832 Words

Learning Value of Visual Arts This paper will present my point of view on the learning value of the visual arts using Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences, Piaget’s Constructivism and Vygotsky’s Social Learning Theory. Art as mere creative expression has been the dominant theme for much of the twentieth century. However, researchers have been finding connections between learning in the visual arts and the acquisition of knowledge and skills in other areas. Art like text can be used as a source to practice critical thinking. Art can also be used to teach children about culture, traditions, history and even social issues. The process of creating art contributes to the cognitive, physical, social and emotional development of†¦show more content†¦They also later could solve problems by controlling their bodily motions and handle objects skilfully using both fine motor movements of fingers and hands and gross motor movements of the body (Wright, 2003). Art making activities also supports Piaget’s age and stage theory of children’s development especially when they start to experience the world through their senses and they start acquiring motor skills. Toddlers develop control of large and small muscle groups through making art. Painting with brushes, crayons, kneading clay or cutting and tearing paper help them develop co-ordination and strength in their arms and fingers. This will help them gain confidence in using tools for making art and later for writing. Making art also helps children develop eye-hand co-ordination. As children decide how to make parts fit together into a whole, where to place objects, and what details to include, they learn to coordinate what they see with the movements of their hands and fingers. This eye-hand coordination is essential for many activities, including forming letters and spacing words in formal writing. References Desantis, K. Housen, A. (2000). A Brief Guide to Developmental Theory and Aesthetic Development. Visual Understanding in Education. Dr. Huitt, W.G. (1999). Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/topics/cognition/piaget.html (Accessed: 27.2.2012) Gardner, H (1983). MultipleShow MoreRelatedEarly Childhood Education: Vision, Mission, and Philosophy Statement1258 Words   |  6 Pagesadapts content, products and processes to meet the diverse learning needs and preferences of students (Thousand, Villa, Nevin, 2007). Friedrich Froebel, the creator of Kindergarten, believed that children grow and learn as they play (Bruno, 2009). Play-based instruction not only enables young learners to have fun, but it also encourages interactive and cooperative learning, passion for discovery, and a foundation for later learning experiences (Moore Campos, 2010). This early childhood educationRead MoreEce Curriculum Essay1760 Words   |  8 PagesStacie Emery ECE 311 Prof. Carly Davenport November 21, 2011 * * * * Early Childhood Education: * The Curriculum That Matters Most Introduction As times change, it seems that education must change as well, to fit the ever-changing needs of our youth. For children of any age, education is a complex thing, but so very important for each of them to succeed in anything they do. California State Standards imitate the National standards for educational values. Each child hasRead MoreCurrent Issues and Trends in Assessment in Early Childhood Education6428 Words   |  26 Pagesaccountability for what students are learning. Minimum competency tests, achievement tests, and screening instruments were used to ensure that students from preschool through college reached the desired educational goals and achieved the minimum standards of education that were established locally or by the state education agency. As we continue in a new century, these concerns have increased. Trends in a New Century In the 1990s many schools improved the learning environment and achievement for allRead MorePairing Mastery Learning Approaches Along With Digital Badges3412 Words   |  14 PagesChapter 3 Methodology Pairing Mastery Learning approaches along with Digital Badges are giving educators a way to transform their current curriculum. This is especially imperative within teacher education programs, where students are taking teaching and learning knowledge into formal education. Educators are looking toward badges to increase engagement (Abramovich et al., 2013; Glover Latif, 2013), develop mastery with critical concepts (Mehta et al., 2013), and reduce gaps in student knowledgeRead MoreTrends Issues and Policies in Philippine Education 15257 Words   |  22 Pageseducation system can be described as a dynamic one. It has undergone several stages of development from the pre-Spanish era to the present. Dating back at the pre-Magellanic period, the Philippine education was informal, unstructured and without method. Learning was more experimental than theoretical. During the Spanish era, education was done by missionaries for the elite and for religious instruction. The enactment of Education Decree of 1863 marked the beginning of primary education for boys and girls

Juvenile Delinquency and Society Essay Example For Students

Juvenile Delinquency and Society Essay Throughout time, crime has played in an important part in the function of society. We see crime in the news everyday, in our communities, in our schools, and in some cases, even in our immediate families. Which reaches out and takes a stranglehold on the human-interest angle of the general publics mind, and makes us become enveloped in the thought processes of the modern criminal. Along these lines, the fascination with delinquent behavior and the mind of the delinquent has prompted the development of numerous theories, and the continuous, yet rigorous, study of youth behavior. But only recently has the concept of juvenile delinquency become an issue in the way crime among youth is viewed. Our society tends to hold children in special regards in most cases, and the implementation of the juvenile court system led to the development of specific theories such as neutralization, labeling, and social control theories, by people which had a first-hand interest in these juvenile delinquency cases. These theories help investigators, parents, family, peers, and the community, to better understand why our children do what they do. For years, factors such as gender, race, age, and social class, have been the dominant force in research studies to explain the juvenile delinquent and their actions (Hewitt and Regoli, 2000). The culture that exists today is different than the American culture twenty years ago, and in twenty years from now, American culture will have yet again, undergone a similar reconstruction. Trends in our daily trials and tribulations, affect how a youth will choose to live his or her own life, whether or not they choose what is right or wrong, or stray from the path of being a model citizen. These factors and how they interact with the relation of the theories of neutralization, labeling, and social control, is crucial to our situation, with fifteen year old Matt, who is of lower class status, and has seen himself involved in the theft of an automobile. To further evaluate this crime, Ill begin to apply these mentioned theories to explain this specific incident. In our example of the neutralization theory in regard to this crime, Matt has stolen a car, and when it comes time for him to pay the piper, or face the effects of his criminal act, more than likely, he will use some sort of neutralization technique to justify his actions. The five neutralization techniques are 1) denial or responsibility, 2) denial of injury, 3) denial of victim, 4) Condemnations of condemners, and 5) appeal to a higher loyalty (Hewitt and Regoli, 2000). As a delinquent youth, Matt comes from a lower class family, therefore, he could state that he stole the car because he needed it more than the owner. He could also state that his crime was committed just for fun. By doing this, Matt is using a very common aspect of this theory otherwise known as, a technique of neutralization (Hewitt and Regoli, 2000). Matt could very well assert that since he is a juvenile he is not going to held responsible for his actions, that the act may be ignored in the American justice system, though he is forgetting about the juvenile court system. The next technique he could use would involve the denial or injury, although it is still deemed a criminal act, no one was hurt in the actual crime. The delinquent neutralizes the crime by using such techniques as an explanation that can allow for exceptions to be made (Shields and Whitehall, 1994). To apply the fourth neutralization technique to this crime, Matt could possibly blame his parents or friends for his behavior. By placing the blame or cause for the crime on someone else, Matt is able to compare his behavior to that of the person that is reprimanding him, along with whatever positive or negative influence they may have. In further defense of his criminal act, Matt is also susceptible to the fifth neutralization technique, which would allow him to ma ke his act seem somewhat appropriate by stating, for example, that his family needed the car to take a sick family member to the hospital. .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .postImageUrl , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:hover , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:visited , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:active { border:0!important; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:active , .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04 .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua48117384ee89dcc50aac31294afdb04:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Waleed Allohabi Essay Any one thing that Matt could .

Comparative Commercial Contracts-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Questions: 1.List and Explain briefly each of the Components required to demonstrate that a binding Contract exists. 2.Does a Contract have to be in writing to be Binding? 3.What is a Formal Contract? Explain the formalities of such a contract and give two examples. 4.Analyse this Issue Lotto Company in terms of Contract law 5.Why is it Important under law to Distinguish between a party who is an agent for a principal, from that of an Independent Contractor? Answers: 1.Elements of a Binding Contract- Contracts can either be written or oral depending on the key elements which must be present; offer acceptance and consideration with the intention of creating an agreement which is legally binding. Also,there should be capacity and legality. Offer- An offer is made when one party proposes and is accepted by the other party. This should be distinguished from mere intentions to negotiate. It is a forbearance or a return promise, for the exchange of performance for the promise. It demonstrates the willingness to enter into the bargain so that the other party's willingness is justified as a conclusion of the agreement. An offer should have terms which are certain and intent to enter into a contract (Cross, Miller,2012) There should also be acceptance which is a definite and unconditional agreement set out in the offer. It can be written or oral, and has to reflect the originally made offer. Consideration- the parties to the contract must receive something of value or significant, in which in the absence of such a thing, they would be disadvantaged. Capacity- capacity covers mental capability of a person to enter a contract. It covers infancy and mental competence to enter into a contract. If one of the parties does not have the mental competence to sign a contract, then a contract will not be binding. Similarly, those considered as children under the law, mostly 18 years and in other countries like America 16 years are considered to lack capacity to consent and hence enter into a valid contract. Intention to be legally bound by agreement- There should also be the intention to create binding relations. If a person A promises person B to give them money so as to go somewhere together, and person A fails to give money to B after going together, then person A cannot be sued for the money because their intentions at the promise were more of social as opposed to creating an agreement which is legally binding (Bowrey, Handler, Nicol, 2015).. 2.Do Contracts have to be in Writing to Be binding A contract can be oral or written, but certain contracts are not binding and enforceable unless they are in writing. Such contracts include contracts of sale and buying of land and mortgage contracts. Agreements of sale and finance credit agreements for consumers. Most oral contracts are enforceable but difficult to prove the details of the agreement. If an agreement is not in writing, the elements of a valid contract should be fulfilled. In Gordon V Macgregor (1909) 8CLR 316, High Court of Australia the CJ held that when an oral contract is entered into in writing then the written contract is the only evidence which will be administered in court, unless it is proven that the written contract did not embody all the factors in the agreement (Ayres, Ayres, 2012). Oral agreements are generally legally binding as long as they are conscionable, made in good faith equitable and reasonable. Oral contracts also require consent and mutual understanding where both parties are aware of what is going on. If for example a person hires a cleaner, both parties should know how many rooms are being cleaned. Oral contracts are difficult to enforce because they present many difficulties. Other contracts are silent and do not even require words like going to a convenience store and purchasing bread. Written contracts have some advantages; they are definite and clear, and the signatures of both parties are in record to show the intentions to be legally bound. To sum up, when there is good faith when parties come into a transaction, it important that a contract is put into writing so as to avoid disputes. The parole rule of evidence prevents outside evidence on oral agreements where there are no ambiguous aspects. In Joachim V Weldon 1962 OK 276, the court held that if an oral contract is to be enforced by a court of equity, the evidence should be clear, forcible and content in a way that there is not reasonable doubt as to the terms of the contract. The judicial preference is to use the aspects of written contracts. When a contract is written, most of the aspects which should be construed are out of the window (Latimer, 2012). 3.Formalities of a contract A formal contract is a contract which contains the necessary elements of a contract and is put into writing. An informal contract does not necessarily contain all the necessary elements of a contract and can time be oral. The difference between the contracts is how enforceable they can be in a court of law. Most cases do not require contracts to comply with formalities. However, there are certain impositions by the statute in particular contracts. The statute of Frauds 1677 UK provides the requirements for such contracts. In Australia, formalities to protect consumers require that consumers are given copies of contracts as a term to make proving such contacts easier. In contracts for the sale of land, they should be written and signed by the parties involved according to Section 126. If such dispositions are not put into writing, an action cannot be brought against a person. This is seen in the Victorian Act Instruments Act 1958 (Vic). Accordingly, consumer contracts and contracts of guarantee require written and signed agreements before an action is brought against a person. If there are two different notes of the memorandum, they can be joined together if there is a signature on one note and terms in the other. However, there must refer to each other by implication or expressly. This is seen in Elias v George Saheley Co Barbados Ltd (1983) 1C AC 646 where the document can include a mark or a sign of the individual to show the contract or document was recognized by the parties, by putting a mark. If the requirements of 126 are not met, then a contract is considered invalid (Mehta, 2012) In Australia, formalities generally exist to prevent fraud. However, in the doctrine of part performance contracts are enforceable in part despite non-compliance with the necessary formalities, as we see in the case of McBride v Sundland (1918) 25 CLR 69. However, difficulty arises in determining acts which constitute such performance. Commercial contracts should be written or recorded in documents. If a contract is written, it should be signed by the parties to an agreement or on behalf of the parties. Contracts are usually signed at the end of the document by convention. However, parties can choose how the contracts will come into effect without formal signatures or when faxed signature pages are exchanged. If there is a deviation of the custom form of entering the contract, it is important that parties record an agreement to that effect to have evidence of the agreement to that effect. Many options exist nowadays including digital signatures. If such signatures are used on a draft contract, then the contract will be effective. The instinctive preference would be to use the digital signatures while sending an email; such would require a conscious effort than just logging into a person's computer and sending their email. IP assignments need to be in writing and should be executed as conveyancing documents, deeds, and real property. Under English laws, these are rather exceptions than a rule. 4.The issue in this scenario is whether the lottery price should be shared between the contributors of the ticket A gambling contract is a contract which there is the performance of one party which is contingent on the outcome of a bet which is enforceable in most jurisdictions by statute. The scenario given is an example of a gaming and gambling contract. When the price is paid and there is a winning lottery, the person who pays and wins owns the money prima facie. However, in the scenario above, everyone contributes $2 to the lottery ticket which wins. One group is tasked with buying the ticket, and upon winning the purchaser does not feel like the rest of the members need to have a share in the price. From the above scenario, we see a verbal contract which can be difficult to prove because the court cannot precisely determine what took place. This, however, does not mean that the court will not enforce the contract. The risk in the scenario is the ambiguity of the contract and the burden of proving what transpired between the interested parties. So we see a group of people having the burden of proving that they had a share in the prize, and they have an equal share in the prize. Therefore, it is just not a social arrangement ( Kozolchyk, 2014). The group can prove interested in the prize, by demonstrating their intentions at the paying of the $2.which was that all parties benefit equally if any prize is won. Therefore, if they can prove that, it will be the courts job to decide whether there was a formation of a contract and the stakes of the parties involved in the process. The court will further decide if a breach occurred and whether the parties are entitled to damages, like specific performance, where whoever holds the money gives everyone in the group their entitled amount. The only problem which may arise is if the parties are not able to clearly identify and point out the terms of the agreement. Therefore, the parties are entitled to the expected sum, if they can prove there was the existence of an oral contract. 5.Implications of a principal agent relationship and that of an independent contractor An agency relationship is a fiduciary relationship where the agent acts as if it were the principal acting. There is a manifestation of consent in agency relationship where the agent is subject to consent and control of the principal. The instructions of the principal are binding on the agent. Also, the actions of the agent are binding to the principal. An independent contractor uses their own equipment and resources in carrying out their work. The terms of a contract are binding to the independent contractor. The acts of an independent contractor, as opposed to the agent, are not binding to their employer. AN independent contractor also carries out duties and functions independently, and they are not controlled by their employees, and their omissions or acts are not binding to their employees. An agent also works to benefit the principal and even makes third party contracts on behalf of the principal. An independent contractor works for their employee and receives payment for the wo rk done; and just works to fulfill their duties (Hammer,2016). An agency relationship could be apparent or implied authority. Implied or apparent authority can be assumed by an outsider where it appears as if there is the authority. Consequently, the company or principal will be prevented from denying the existence of such authority. For apparent or implied authority to be asserted, someone with actual authority should represent the person's authority by appointment to a certain position or allow such person to carry out certain activities. In appointment to a certain position, in the daily running of a company, the director binds the company while implementing daily running of company activities. An example of allowing someone to carry out certain activities is the activities of directors or senior executives over time are binding to a company. In agency, however, the agent has to act within the limits of the given authority, and if they act ultra vires, they can be liable for activities which are carried out outside the given authority. If a m anager is given the mandate to act as a manager their mandate does not extend to selling the entire company. In agency relationship also, the agent can be liable for not performing due diligence while carrying out their day to day activities. The agent also has the duty to not let their interest conflict with the principal, not to disclose confidential documents, not to make secret profits and not to delegate authority Braun, Starlinger, 2011). In Independent contractual relationships, have wide discretion in carrying out their activities, they can make decisions outside the employer's knowledge. References Anderson, J. (2011). Sports Betting: Law and Policy (Northern Ireland). In Sports Betting: Law and Policy (pp. 602-627). TMC Asser Press. Anderson, P. M., Blackshaw, I. S., Siekmann, R. C., Soek, J. (Eds.). (2012). Sports betting: law and policy. TMC Asser Press. Ayres, I., Ayres, I. (2012). Studies in Contract Law. Foundation Press. Bowrey, K., Handler, M., Nicol, D. (2015). Australian Intellectual Property: Commentary, Braun, I., Starlinger, A. (2011). Sports Betting. Law and Policy in Austria. In Sports Betting: Law and Policy (pp. 219-235). TMC Asser Press. Burrows, A. S. (2016). A restatement of the English law of contract. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. Cross, F. B., Miller, R. L. (2012). The Legal Environment of Business: Text and Cases Davis, M. H., Miller, A. R. (2013). Intellectual property: patents, trademarks, and copyright Dunklee, D. R., Shoop, R. J. (2006). The principal's quick-reference guide to school law: Reducing liability, litigation, and other potential legal tangles. Corwin Press. Economy Perspective. Routledge. Ethical, Regulatory, Global, and Corporate Issues. Cengage Learning. Hammer, L. (2016). Comparative Commercial Contracts: Law, Culture and Economic Development. By BORIS KOZOLCHYK. in a nutshell. West Group. Kelleher Jr, T. J., Abernathy IV, T. E., Bell Jr, H. J., Reed, S. L., Smith, C., Hancock, L. L. P. (2010). Smith, Currie Hancock's Federal Government Construction Contracts: A Practical Guide for the Industry Professional. John Wiley Sons. Kozolchyk, B. (2014). Comparative Commercial Contracts: Law, Culture and Economic Development (Hornbook Series): Law, Culture and Economic Development. West Academic. Landy, G. K. (2008). The IT/digital legal companion: a comprehensive business guide to software, Internet, and IP law: includes contracts and web forms. Syngress. Latimer, P. (2012). Australian Business Law 2012. CCH Australia Limited. Law and Practice.